WIRE·FILL·CHARTNEC 2023 · CH. 9
DWG · WFC-MAIN-001SCALE · 1 : 1REF · NFPA 70 (2023) § CH.9SHEET 01 / 12
FIG. 00 — HOME

WIRE
FILL
CHART

NEC 2023 · CONDUIT FILL · 53 / 31 / 40 %

Free live wire fill chart and conduit fill calculator for US electricians, inspectors, and engineers. Pick a conduit. Add conductors. Read the fill percentage. Compute jam probability. All math straight from NFPA 70 (2023), Chapter 9, Tables 1 / 4 / 5. No signup. No ads on the tool.

  • EMT · IMC · RMC · PVC 40 · PVC 80 · FMC · LFNC · ENT
  • THHN · THWN-2 · XHHW · RHH · RHW · TW
  • Live fill % · NEC-status callout · jam analysis
  • Auto-recommend next trade size on overfill
NEC EDITION
2023
NFPA 70
CONDUIT TYPES
8
EMT → ENT
WIRE SIZES
24
#14 → 1000 kcmil
INSULATIONS
10
THHN → TFE
FILL @ 1
53%
ONE CONDUCTOR
FILL @ 2
31%
TWO CONDUCTORS
FILL @ 3+
40%
THREE OR MORE
NIPPLE
60%
≤ 24 INCH
FIG. 01

CONDUIT FILL CALCULATOR

Pick the conduit, add conductors, read the result. Result panel includes NEC status, jam probability, and next-size-up recommendation when over fill.

DWGWFC-CALC-001
SH01 / 01
SCALE1 : 1
REFNEC 2023 § CH.9
REVA
FIG. 01 — CONDUIT FILL CALCULATOR
INPUT ▸ CALCULATE ▸ READ
A · CONDUIT TYPE
B · TRADE SIZE
DESCRIPTION
EMT — Electrical Metallic Tubing
C · CONDUCTORS
01
RESULT · FILL %
WITHIN NEC LIMIT
7.5%
OF 40%
ALLOWED
0254075100
CONDUCTORS
3
WIRE AREA
0.040in²
CONDUIT AREA
0.533in²
JAM RISK
LOW
  • Three or more conductors — NEC allows 40% fill.
CONDUIT
EMT · 3/4"
CONDUCTOR
12 AWG · THHN
FIG. 02

HOW THE WIRE FILL CHART IS COMPUTED

Every cell of every wire fill chart on this site is one division — total conductor area divided by conduit interior area, compared to a NEC fill cap.

01CONDUIT AREA
A·c

From NEC Chapter 9, Table 4. A 3/4" EMT has 0.533 in² of interior cross-section.

02WIRE AREA × COUNT
Σ A·w · n

From NEC Chapter 9, Table 5. Each conductor's area times its count. Sum every row.

03FILL PERCENT
% = ΣA·w / A·c

Compare against NEC Table 1: 53% (1), 31% (2), 40% (3+).

FIG. 03

EMT WIRE FILL CHART

Most-used slice of the full EMT × THHN / THWN-2 / XHHW reference. Counts are the maximum conductors per NEC fill limit.

FULL CHART →
TABLE · EMT × THHN MAX CONDUCTORS
NEC 2023 · 40%
Maximum number of THHN/THWN-2/XHHW conductors per EMT conduit trade size, per NEC 2023 Chapter 9 Tables 4 and 5.
EMT →
WIRE ↓
1/2"3/4"1"1-1/4"1-1/2"2"2-1/2"3"3-1/2"4"
14 AWG1221356183138241364476608
12 AWG916254461100176266347443
10 AWG51016283863111167218279
8 AWG3591622366496126161
6 AWG146111626466991116
4 AWG124791628425671
3 AWG113681324364760
2 AWG112571120303950
1 AWG11135815222937
1/01134712192431
2/01123610152026
3/0111358131722
4/011147101418
FIG. 06

WIRE FILL CHART · FAQ

Eight common questions about the wire fill chart and NEC conduit fill rules. Answer drawer reveals on click.

A wire fill chart shows the maximum number of insulated conductors that can be safely installed in a given size and type of conduit per the National Electrical Code (NEC). The chart is computed from NEC Chapter 9 Table 4 (conduit interior areas) and Table 5 (conductor cross-sectional areas), capped at the NEC Chapter 9 Table 1 fill limit: 53% for one wire, 31% for two wires, and 40% for three or more.

END · OF · DRAWING

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WIRE FILL CHART

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