WIRE·FILL·CHARTNEC 2023 · CH. 9
DOC · DEFINITION

What is XHHW / XHHW-2 Wire?

XHHW is cross-linked polyethylene insulated 90°C building wire. XHHW-2 adds 90°C wet rating. Same NEC fill area as THHN.

·1 MIN READ·EDITORIAL

XHHW is a building wire with cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation, rated for 90°C dry and (for XHHW-2) 90°C wet. It's an alternative to THHN/THWN-2 with better high-temperature ageing and UV resistance.

Construction

  • Conductor: Solid or stranded copper or aluminum
  • Insulation: Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE), 30–55 mils depending on gauge
  • Outer jacket: None — XLPE is the only insulation layer
  • Voltage: 600V
  • Temperature: 90°C dry (XHHW) or 90°C wet/dry (XHHW-2)

XHHW vs XHHW-2

  • XHHW (original): 75°C wet / 90°C dry
  • XHHW-2: 90°C wet AND dry (matches THHN's dry rating)

For wet locations and modern installations, specify XHHW-2.

Why cross-linked polyethylene?

XLPE has several advantages over PVC:

  • Better long-term ageing at high temperature — important for industrial environments
  • UV resistance — better for outdoor service life
  • Chemical resistance — handles oil, mild acids, and many solvents better
  • No nylon jacket needed — single-layer insulation is mechanically robust

The trade-off is cost (10–20% more than THHN) and slightly higher pulling friction (no nylon slip).

Common applications

  • Solar PV array circuit wiring — UV exposure, decades of service. XHHW-2 dominates this market alongside USE-2.
  • High-ambient industrial: Furnaces, smelters, areas where ambient temperature regularly exceeds 40°C.
  • Underground service-entrance laterals: Cross-linked polyethylene handles moisture and soil chemistry well.
  • Direct buried (when permitted with USE-2 dual stamp): XHHW-2/USE-2 dual-stamp is common.

Fill = same as THHN

NEC Table 5:

Gauge THHN / XHHW area
14 AWG 0.0097
12 AWG 0.0133
10 AWG 0.0211
8 AWG 0.0366
6 AWG 0.0507
4 AWG 0.0824
4/0 0.3237
500 kcmil 0.7073

The XHHW wire fill chart and the THHN wire fill chart show identical conductor counts.

Related

FIG. 99

FAQ

Cross-linked (X) Polyethylene High Heat-resistant Water-resistant. XHHW-2 is the second-generation version with 90°C wet rating (the original XHHW was 75°C wet only).