WIRE·FILL·CHARTNEC 2023 · CH. 9
DOC · DEFINITION

What is THWN-2 Wire?

THWN-2 is Thermoplastic Heat & Water-resistant Nylon-coated wire, rated 90°C wet AND dry. Same NEC fill area as THHN.

·1 MIN READ·EDITORIAL

THWN-2 is a thermoplastic insulated, nylon-jacketed conductor rated 90°C in both wet AND dry locations. It's the wet-rated counterpart to THHN — and most modern US building wire is dual-stamped THHN/THWN-2.

Construction (identical to THHN)

  • Conductor: Solid or stranded copper or aluminum
  • Insulation: PVC, 15–30 mils
  • Outer jacket: Nylon (polyamide) film
  • Voltage: 600V
  • Temperature: 90°C dry AND wet

Why does the "-2" matter?

The original THWN (no -2) was rated 75°C in wet, 90°C in dry. The newer THWN-2 (introduced into NEC editions starting 1999) is rated 90°C in both — giving you higher allowable ampacity for wet-location installations.

For the wire ampacity calculator, the difference matters when conductors run in:

  • Underground PVC (always wet per NEC 300.5(B))
  • Outdoor risers exposed to weather
  • Unconditioned attics where condensation forms

In those locations, THWN gives you the 75°C column ampacity; THWN-2 gives you the 90°C column ampacity.

Same fill area as THHN

NEC Table 5 lists THHN, THWN, THWN-2, XHHW, and XHHW-2 with identical cross-sectional area. So the wire fill chart doesn't change when you switch among them.

Sold as dual-stamped

Virtually all US building wire today is sold with both stamps printed on the jacket:

  • THHN/THWN-2
  • THHN/THWN-2/MTW (machine tool wire)
  • THHN/THWN-2/MTW/AWM (appliance wiring material)

You get THHN's dry-location compliance plus THWN-2's wet-location compliance at the same price. Single-stamp THHN exists but offers no savings.

When to specify THWN-2 over THHN

  • Any application where the conduit might see moisture, condensation, or direct water
  • Underground service laterals, even in "sealed" raceways (NEC 300.5(B))
  • Outdoor risers above grade
  • Exterior building wiring
  • Damp / unconditioned spaces

Related

FIG. 99

FAQ

Thermoplastic Heat & Water-resistant Nylon-coated, second generation. The -2 distinguishes it from earlier THWN, which was rated only 75°C wet. THWN-2 is rated 90°C wet AND dry — matching THHN's dry-only 90°C.