WIRE·FILL·CHARTNEC 2023 · CH. 9
DOC · DEFINITION

What is ENT (Electrical Nonmetallic Tubing)?

ENT is corrugated blue 'smurf tube' PVC for concealed dry-location wiring, governed by NEC Article 362. Building height limits apply.

·3 MIN READ·EDITORIAL

ENT (Electrical Nonmetallic Tubing) is a corrugated, pliable polyvinyl chloride raceway commonly nicknamed "smurf tube" for its bright blue color. It snaps to shape by hand, joins with solvent-welded or snap-in couplings, and is the cheapest concealed raceway in residential and light commercial wiring. NEC Article 362 governs ENT, with strict limits on building height and exposed installation.

Construction

  • Material: Pliable, corrugated PVC
  • Color: Blue (most common), also orange or other manufacturer-specific
  • Trade sizes: 1/2" through 2"
  • Sold: In coils (typically 100 ft or 250 ft)
  • Joining: Solvent cement, push-on snap fittings, or threaded adapters to rigid PVC

The corrugations let the tubing flex around obstacles and through stud bays — installers can route ENT by hand without bending tools, which is its main labor advantage.

Interior cross-section (NEC Chapter 9 Table 4)

Trade size Interior area in²
1/2" 0.285
3/4" 0.508
1" 0.832
1-1/4" 1.453
1-1/2" 1.986
2" 3.291

Same interior values as PVC Schedule 40 in Chapter 9 Table 4 for fill purposes. Run conductor counts on the PVC conduit fill chart or the conduit fill calculator.

NEC code reference (Article 362)

  • NEC 362.10 — permitted uses:
    1. Building of any height where concealed in walls/floors/ceilings with at least 15-minute finish rating
    2. Buildings exceeding 3 floors above grade, only concealed within fire-rated construction
    3. Concealed in walls, floors, ceilings of three-floor-or-less buildings
    4. Exposed where not subject to physical damage
    5. Severe corrosive influences
    6. Concealed inside masonry walls with appropriate listing
    7. Damp locations (not wet) where not subject to physical damage
    8. Direct above-floor in slab-on-grade construction
  • NEC 362.12 — not permitted in any hazardous location (with exceptions), as support for fixtures, in ambient over 50°C, exposed where subject to physical damage, in wet locations unless listed, for direct earth burial
  • NEC 362.20 — minimum 1/2", maximum 2"
  • NEC 362.22 — fill per Chapter 9 Table 1
  • NEC 362.30 — supported within 3 ft of every box and every 3 ft thereafter; concealed runs are supported by their entry points

Common applications

  • Residential branch circuits (concealed in framing)
  • Concealed wiring in multi-family construction with fire-rated assemblies
  • Slab-on-grade installations under poured concrete floors
  • Computer room and data center floor distributions
  • Tilt-up wall concealed conduit
  • Renovation work where flexibility through joists saves drilling

Trade-offs vs rigid PVC

Property ENT PVC Sch 40
Article NEC 362 NEC 352
Form Corrugated, pliable Rigid stick
Field bending Hand-shapes around obstacles Heat box required
Wet locations No Yes
Direct burial No Yes
Exposed in tall buildings Restricted Permitted
Cost per ft Lowest Higher

ENT trades durability and outdoor capability for installation speed. On residential rough-in, it can be roped through studs in less than half the time of rigid PVC.

Quick reference

  • Article: NEC 362
  • Nickname: smurf tube
  • Wet locations: no
  • Direct burial: no
  • EGC qualifier: no — pull a separate EGC
  • Trade sizes: 1/2" through 2"

Related

FIG. 99

FAQ

Because of its bright blue color. The nickname stuck after the late-1980s introduction when the cartoon Smurfs were popular. ENT is also available in other colors per manufacturer.